Let me explain that last remark. "The Grapes of Wrath" is a pro-socialist film. Socialism was at its zenith during the Great Depression, when it seemed that capitalism may have failed. Franklin Roosevelt was a socialist President, and the poor saw Big Government as a lifeline from their jobless despair. "The Grapes of Wrath" condemns the faceless banks for foreclosing on the Okies, the agricultural growers for cheating their low-paid workers, and local police forces for their brutality and affiliation with the capitalists. When the Joads finally arrive at a Government-run camp, it is as if they have reached heaven.

Fresh from his success with "Stagecoach", John Ford directed "The Grapes of Wrath", and almost deserved his Best Director Academy Award (I think Hitchcock should have won for "Rebecca"). The black and white cinematography by Gregg Toland is excellent, with extraordinary footage of the deep poverty of the migrant worker camps.

Henry Fonda stars as Tom Joad, a hot-tempered ex-con who returns to his family just in time to join it on a desperate job-hunting expedition to California. Jane Darwell gives an excellent performance as his mother, who tries to hold the dissolving family together as matters go from bad to worse. John Carradine plays a colorful, half-mad preacher.

Fonda was nominated for Best Actor, and Darwell won Best Supporting Actress. "The Grapes of Wrath" was nominated for Best Picture, and Nunnally Johnson was nominated for Best Screenplay. Johnson did a reasonable job in distilling the lengthy novel into a filmable version, changing the ending and jumbling the chronology to soften the novel's pessimistic message.